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Q&As refer to the provisions in force on the day of their publication. The EBA does not systematically review published Q&As following the amendment of legislative acts. Users of the Q&A tool should therefore check the date of publication of the Q&A and whether the provisions referred to in the answer remain the same.

Please note that the Q&As related to the supervisory benchmarking exercises have been moved to the dedicated handbook page. You can submit Q&As on this topic here.

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List of Q&A's

Direct fiscal impact and systemic implication in Article 3(6)

How can the terms “direct fiscal impact” and “systemic implication” in Article 3(6) be transposed in a way that removes ambiguity?

  • Legal act: Directive 2014/59/EU (BRRD)
  • COM Delegated or Implementing Acts/RTS/ITS/GLs: Not applicable
  • ID: 2016_2620
  • Topic: Other topics
  • Date of submission:
  • Published as final Q&A: 21/01/2022

Special resolution regimes for credit institutions not covered by the Directive / partly resolved via insolvency

Does Directive 2014/59/EU (BRRD) prevent Member State to adopt special resolution regimes (including, e.g., bail-in) for credit institutions (i) that are not covered by the Directive; or (ii) in scope of the BRRD, whose preferred strategy is liquidation under national insolvency proceedings?

  • Legal act: Directive 2014/59/EU (BRRD)
  • COM Delegated or Implementing Acts/RTS/ITS/GLs: Not applicable
  • ID: 2016_2619
  • Topic: Other topics
  • Date of submission:
  • Published as final Q&A: 21/01/2022

Fiduciary relationship

What is a “fiduciary relationship” according to Directive 2014/59/EU (BRRD)?

  • Legal act: Directive 2014/59/EU (BRRD)
  • COM Delegated or Implementing Acts/RTS/ITS/GLs: Not applicable
  • ID: 2016_3040
  • Topic: Resolution tools and powers
  • Date of submission:
  • Published as final Q&A: 21/01/2022

Two separate ex-ante valuations for resolution purposes

In case two separate ex-ante valuations for resolution purposes have been prepared, each of which covering different purposes as per Article 36(4) of Directive 2014/59/EU (BRRD), shall both be treated as a part of the valuation and, therefore, the decision on resolution? Should they both be subjected to judicial review in line with Articles 36(13) and 85 BRRD?On a related note, can a resolution authority's decision be appealed if it does not include a decision on a specific resolution action to be taken?

  • Legal act: Directive 2014/59/EU (BRRD)
  • COM Delegated or Implementing Acts/RTS/ITS/GLs: Not applicable
  • ID: 2016_2584
  • Topic: Valuation
  • Date of submission:
  • Published as final Q&A: 21/01/2022

Meaning of “liability” in Article 60(2)(b)

Do liabilities mentioned in Article 60(2)(b) only refer to the potential liabilities for damages of the national resolution authority to the holder of the relevant capital instrument or eligible liabilities as referred to in Article 59 BRRD?

  • Legal act: Directive 2014/59/EU (BRRD)
  • COM Delegated or Implementing Acts/RTS/ITS/GLs: Not applicable
  • ID: 2016_3019
  • Topic: Write-down and conversion of capital instruments
  • Date of submission:
  • Published as final Q&A: 21/01/2022

Use of valuation to apply resolution tools and to initiate resolution

Why is valuation part of the decision on application of resolution tools instead of the decision initiating resolution?

  • Legal act: Directive 2014/59/EU (BRRD)
  • COM Delegated or Implementing Acts/RTS/ITS/GLs: Not applicable
  • ID: 2016_2583
  • Topic: Valuation
  • Date of submission:
  • Published as final Q&A: 21/01/2022

Power of the resolution authority to transfer back

How should the transfer back procedure be applied in the context of the sale of business tool?

  • Legal act: Directive 2014/59/EU (BRRD)
  • COM Delegated or Implementing Acts/RTS/ITS/GLs: Not applicable
  • ID: 2016_2565
  • Topic: Resolution tools and powers
  • Date of submission:
  • Published as final Q&A: 21/01/2022

Compensation in Article 60(2)(c)

How should the use of the wording “compensation” in Article 60(2)(c) of Directive 2014/59/EU (BRRD) be interpreted?

  • Legal act: Directive 2014/59/EU (BRRD)
  • COM Delegated or Implementing Acts/RTS/ITS/GLs: Not applicable
  • ID: 2016_3016
  • Topic: Write-down and conversion of capital instruments
  • Date of submission:
  • Published as final Q&A: 21/01/2022

Clarification on Article 36(6)(a)

How should the term "updated” referred to in Article 36(6)(a) of Directive 2014/59/EU (BRRD) be interpreted?

  • Legal act: Directive 2014/59/EU (BRRD)
  • COM Delegated or Implementing Acts/RTS/ITS/GLs: Not applicable
  • ID: 2016_2564
  • Topic: Valuation
  • Date of submission:
  • Published as final Q&A: 21/01/2022

Special manager as insolvency manager

Must national courts adhere to the resolution authority’s decision that a special manager should also be insolvency manager?

  • Legal act: Directive 2014/59/EU (BRRD)
  • COM Delegated or Implementing Acts/RTS/ITS/GLs: Not applicable
  • ID: 2015_2523
  • Topic: Special management
  • Date of submission:
  • Published as final Q&A: 21/01/2022

References to shareholders in Article 34 (and 44)

Are holders of Common Equity Tier 1 (CET1) only to be considered shareholders?

  • Legal act: Directive 2014/59/EU (BRRD)
  • COM Delegated or Implementing Acts/RTS/ITS/GLs: Not applicable
  • ID: 2015_2521
  • Topic: Resolution tools and powers
  • Date of submission:
  • Published as final Q&A: 21/01/2022

Difference in treatment of viable subsidiaries for the application of write down and conversion of capital instruments and resolution tools and powers

Can the power of write down or conversion of capital instruments be exercised in relation to instruments issued by a still viable subsidiary belonging to a failing group?

  • Legal act: Directive 2014/59/EU (BRRD)
  • COM Delegated or Implementing Acts/RTS/ITS/GLs: Not applicable
  • ID: 2016_2957
  • Topic: Write-down and conversion of capital instruments
  • Date of submission:
  • Published as final Q&A: 21/01/2022

Definition of the target level for national resolution systems since 2016

How should national resolution authorities continue calculating the ex-ante contributions of investment firms that do not fall in the scope of Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2015/63?

  • Legal act: Directive 2014/59/EU (BRRD)
  • COM Delegated or Implementing Acts/RTS/ITS/GLs: Delegated Regulation (EU) 2015/63 - DR on ex ante contributions to resolution financing arrangements
  • ID: 2015_2507
  • Topic: Resolution financing arrangements
  • Date of submission:
  • Published as final Q&A: 21/01/2022

Composition of resolution college

For the purpose of Article 88(2)(g)) of Directive 2014/59/EU (BRRD), should “the authority that is responsible for the deposit guarantee scheme of a member state” be the “designated authority” in accordance to Article 2(1)(18) of Directive 2014/49/EU (DGSD)?

  • Legal act: Directive 2014/59/EU (BRRD)
  • COM Delegated or Implementing Acts/RTS/ITS/GLs: Not applicable
  • ID: 2015_2457
  • Topic: Other topics
  • Date of submission:
  • Published as final Q&A: 21/01/2022

Resolution plan for an institution without any critical economic functions

Is the resolution authority under the obligation to elaborate resolution plans even for institutions without critical functions for which the waiver under Article 4(8) of Directive 2014/59/EU (BRRD) is not available? Must the resolution authority elaborate resolution plans for groups that do not have any critical functions?

  • Legal act: Directive 2014/59/EU (BRRD)
  • COM Delegated or Implementing Acts/RTS/ITS/GLs: Not applicable
  • ID: 2015_2455
  • Topic: Resolution plans
  • Date of submission:
  • Published as final Q&A: 21/01/2022

Variable component of the remuneration of material risk takers

What types of liabilities are excluded from the exemption under Article 44(2)(g)(i)is by the reference to Article 92(2) of Directive 2013/36/EU (CRD) in the second subparagraph of Article 44(2) of Directive 2014/59/EU (BRRD)?

  • Legal act: Directive 2014/59/EU (BRRD)
  • COM Delegated or Implementing Acts/RTS/ITS/GLs: Not applicable
  • ID: 2015_2432
  • Topic: Resolution tools and powers
  • Date of submission:
  • Published as final Q&A: 21/01/2022

Interaction of shares transfer with the resolution process

Is there a difference in process between the transfer effected under the sale of business tool and the transfer effected under the bridge institution tool, whereby the resolution entity’s shares are, first, transferred to a bridge institution and, later, to a third entity, pursuant to Article 40(6)(b) of Directive 2014/59/EU (BRRD)?

  • Legal act: Directive 2014/59/EU (BRRD)
  • COM Delegated or Implementing Acts/RTS/ITS/GLs: Not applicable
  • ID: 2015_2360
  • Topic: Resolution tools and powers
  • Date of submission:
  • Published as final Q&A: 21/01/2022

Payment of consideration in shares of a bridge institution

Is it possible to pay the consideration mentioned in Article 40 (4) of Directive 2014/59/EU (BRRD) in shares of a bridge institution? Is the same possible in case the asset separation tool has been applied?

  • Legal act: Directive 2014/59/EU (BRRD)
  • COM Delegated or Implementing Acts/RTS/ITS/GLs: Not applicable
  • ID: 2015_2343
  • Topic: Resolution tools and powers
  • Date of submission:
  • Published as final Q&A: 21/01/2022

API functionality

Does Article 64(2) of PSD2 limit the ability of Payment Initiation Service Providers (PISPs) to initiate a single payment transaction for immediate execution only?

  • Legal act: Directive 2015/2366/EU (PSD2)
  • COM Delegated or Implementing Acts/RTS/ITS/GLs: Not applicable
  • ID: 2018_4096
  • Topic: Strong customer authentication and common and secure communication (incl. access)
  • Date of submission:
  • Published as final Q&A: 21/01/2022

Strong customer authentication requirement on pay-by-invoice payment transactions

Does Article 97(1)(b) PSD2 apply for pay-by-invoice when the payer's funds are covered by a credit line extended by a payment service provider?

  • Legal act: Directive 2015/2366/EU (PSD2)
  • COM Delegated or Implementing Acts/RTS/ITS/GLs: Not applicable
  • ID: 2019_4484
  • Topic: Strong customer authentication and common and secure communication (incl. access)
  • Date of submission:
  • Published as final Q&A: 21/01/2022